Visual and Sound Production-Exercise
29/08/2022-26/09/2022 (Week 1-Week 5)
Brigita Maria/0352958
Visual and Sound Production/ Bachelor of Design in Creative Media
LECTURES
WEEK 2 (Framing and Storyboard)
EARLY CINEMA
-Train at La Ciotat
no sound, black and white (simple, no dynamic in shots, abit more
flat)
cinematography
SHOT SIZE
Fig Shot size
-Extreme wide shot
-Wide shot
-Medium wide shot
-Medium shot
-Medium close-up shot
-Close-up shot
-Extreme close-up shot
CAMERA ANGLE
Composition
Rule of thirds: divides the frame into thirds both horizontally and
vertically. The points where horizontal and vertical line cross are
aesthetically pleasing spots.
Subject angle: (composition) facial modelling is the best when subject
is turned 45 degree to the camera. Front and side of the face is
properly lighted. 3 Dimensional solidity is pronounced when 2 or more
surfaces are photographed. Angle the camera so that parallel lines
diminish and converge, to make the viewer's eyes carried into distance.
Camera angle: (subject height) Camera height is as important as camera
distance and angle but often disregarded. By adjusting the height of the
camera it can affect artistic and psychological overtones.
Eye-level angle camera films from the eye level of an observer of
average height or from the subject's eye level.
Low angle shot is any shot in which the camera is tilted upward to view
the subject. Makes the character look bigger, stronger, more noble, also
an impression of height.
High angle shot is a shot in which the camera is tilted downward to view
the subject. Makes the character look smaller, younger, weak, confused,
more childlike in a sense.
SCREEN DIRECTION
-Dynamic screen direction: Constant screen travel depicts subject
motion in one direction only. Can be a series of shots of a person
walking, car driving, flying plane, etc. The camera should move in
the same direction to show progression.
-Static screen direction: When doing shots with two characters, we
need to apply the 180 degree rule. This rule enforces the camera to stay on a
horizontal axis is called "Line of Action"
INTRODUCTION TO FILM SOUND
SOUND ELEMENTS
1. Speech
2. Sound effects
3. Music
1. Speech
2. Sound effects
3. Music
Speech (Dialogue, voice over)
Speech is one of the most important tools for understanding the story
of the film.
Dialogue: conversation between characters in movie.
Voice over: The voice of an unseen narrator speaking
Sound effects (Ambience, hard or "cut" effects)
Ambience refers to the background noise present at a given scene or a
location.
Hard or "cut" effects: Almost every sound we hear in movies are not
dialogues or music is a sound effect. Train sliding door open and close, foot steps, train moving, ambience
in train, etc.
Music
Music in movie is to enhance the dramatic narrative and the emotional
impact.
Dubbing: Or Automated Dialog Replacement (ADR), the
process of re-recording dialogue after filming to improve audio
quality or reflect dialogue changes. (or translation dialogue?)
Foley: A sound effect technique for synchronous effects
or live effects.
WEEK 3 (Storytelling in Film)
What is story?
An event of cause and effect relationship. Tension and arc are the 2 things that make a good story
An event of cause and effect relationship. Tension and arc are the 2 things that make a good story
What is plot?
Things that is visibly and audibly present
Things that is visibly and audibly present
PLOT SEGMENTATION: the best method to understand a film's narrative system, break down every single scene or event
3 ACT STRUCTURE
ACT1 BEGINNING: Introducing the story (who and where)
ACT2 MIDDLE: All of the problems and leads to climax
ACT3 END: Resolution of the problem, ending
plot points: major twists/twist that provokes the beginning of the
new act (if there is no plot points, there will be no story)
WEEK 4 (Mise En Scène)
In French, it literally means: mise (putting) en (on) scène (stage)
It refers to what we see onscreen; its visuals; meaning, all of the elements that appear on camera and their arrangement. Everything in the frame can carry meaning.
The things that important:
-Composition
-Set Design
-Lighting
-Costume and Props
-Depth of Space
COMPOSITION
Composition is the deliberate selection of frames and camera angles that make up a shot. Manipulating composition can accentuate the emotional themes of the story and communicate a sense (or lack) of meaning to the audience.
SET DESIGN
Set design refers to everything the audience sees within a particular scene. These details help build out the world of the location and add even more context to the story.
LIGHTING
Lighting is often the tool that conveys mood most clearly. High-key lighting, often used in musicals and romantic comedies, relies on hard light to minimize shadows. Low-key lighting, often used in horror movies.
COSTUME AND PROPS
Costume is one of the most useful tools in communicating a character’s thoughts and journey.
Props is an object with a function serves to drive the narrative or become a motif to underscore the themes of the film.
DEPTH OF SPACE
Depth is determined by the distances between objects, people, and scenery, influenced by their placement along with camera location and lens choice.
Shallow DOF:
Phone: portrait mode
DSLR: 50mm above, wide F-stop
WEEK 5 (Storyboarding)
Storyboarding=Visualization
When the scene has a complicated action involved or few perspective point of view, storyboard is the most effective way to map out the scene.
Invented by:
Originally developed in Disney during the 1930's
Functionality:
Involves converting a script into a comic that depicts the action visually.
Apply in film:
Provides a layout of events as seen through the eyes of the camera.
Well accepted:
Contemporary storyboards are used not only in film, but in a wide variety of multimedia projects.
Purpose of Storyboard:
-Show IMPORTANT ACTION
-Continuity/ Editing Point
-Shot Composition
-Indicate CAMERA ANGLE/ MOVEMENT
-Map out the scene
Storyboard process:
-Do story breakdown
-Get shot list ready for storyboarding
-Use floor plan to mark out the camera position
-Camera angles for each sequence can be indicated in floor plan. Sc/sh numbers are written beside the camera symbol.
-Start from EWS/ WS, then cut in to characters/ objects.
-Cut between action and reaction.
-Cut to different framing and different angle shot.
-Use cut away to enhance storytelling and creating mood.
-Insert cut away or C.U shot as transition for new scene.
-Cut to different framing and different angle shot.
-Staging subject among foreground, midground and background to create contrast in size and distant, focus, brightness and colour.
-Separate the space by using planes as foreground, midground and background which contain many depth cues including size change, textural diffusion, tonal and color separation, up/down position, and overlap.
Animatic:
Animatic is defined as series of images played in sequence, often with a soundtrack. In essence, it's an animated storyboard.
Advantage of Animatic:
-Timing of every shot
-Rhythm of the scene
-Audio & music added
INSTRUCTION
IN CLASS ACTIVITY/EXERCISE
First we were told to do some exercise in class, which was combining
all the clips of an advertise into one complete video. The first
exercise was a mint commercial. This exercise introduces us to the
premiere pro app and the basic skill on combining clips of videos into
1 united video.
Fig Editing Mint Commercial
Dragging clips that I have downloaded from the drive that Mr. Martin
provided from the gallery into the timeline, then insert all the clips
accordingly with the number of the video.
Mint Video
Second exercise in class that we did is also similar with the first one,
the difference is the videos are not in order, so we need to find the
correct sequence of the video. This exercise also improve our skill on
sensibility of story flow and storyboard.
Fig Editing Doritos Commercial
For the first couple of clips I can figure out the general flow of the
video. But I think I can confuse some of the clips that are there.
Switched between some clips. After making sense of the story line, then
slowly I figured out the sequence of the video.
Doritos Video
This is the first exercise where we test our skill and understanding on
shot size. Although I am still struggling to identify the differences when shooting on the spot, I think I manage to do all the different shots that Mr. Martin ask.
The shooting exercise: framing
Because me and my friends used phones to shoot the exercise, it is hard to make a soft background if we did not shoot the object far from the background. We need a good amount of space between the foreground and background to achieve a blurry background.
Fig Editing 1st Exercise
First Exercise
Editing Lalin Video
Lalin Remake
3 Act Structure Exercise
We were shown a couple of videos, that can help us to understand the essence of the 3 Act Structure. Then we are given an exercise to identify and tell the 3 Act structure of "Lalin" video and also "Guang" video.
This exercise was intended for us to make us understand how to make storyboards. We are shown a video titled "Support". It was about a guy lying on hospital bed that wanted to ended his life.
Floor Plan Exercise
Following the storyboard exercise, we are also tasked to make the floor plan of the video.
Fig Floor plan
Fig Floor plan 2
Fig Floor plan 3
FEEDBACK
REFLECTION
Experience
For Video and Sound Production module, I did not particularly
experience challenges in the application that we are using which is
Premiere Pro. Cutting, adding clips and adding music, are the basics and
I can handle it. But it slowly became harder as the next tasks were
given. Dubbing a movie scene, a male and a cat voice :0. Learning the
nics & nacs on video production is very new to me.
Observations
Throughout the module, Mr. Martin always shows us other movie and videos
that people had made. He gave us lots of ideas and inspirations on how
people do and make video and movies. There is thousands of consideration
that goes into a scene; the place, lighting, angle, camera position,
background, etc. It is not an easy thing to do.
Findings
There are some things that I just now found out in Premiere Pro, more
into the editing part. Features that I initially did not know that it
exist! Slowly but surely I figured out the appropriate effect or feature
for the effect or the vision that I wanted for my video to turn
out.